Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV)

Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) are driverless vehicles that transport goods along predefined routes using guidance technologies such as magnetic tape, QR codes, or embedded wires.

AGVs are designed for stable, repetitive transport tasks where process flow is predictable. By automating routine movements between fixed points, AGVs help reduce manual handling, improve consistency, and support safer warehouse and production operations.

AGVs navigate using fixed guidance systems installed on the warehouse floor or environment. Routes are predefined, and vehicles follow programmed paths between pick-up and drop-off points.

Tasks are triggered by system commands or signals from WMS, WCS, or production systems. AGVs stop, load, unload, and resume movement automatically based on programmed logic and safety conditions.

Vehicle type, load capacity, speed, and route layout are designed based on material type, transport frequency, and operational flow.

This setup ensures consistent and reliable material movement with minimal manual intervention.

System Structure

Automated Guided Vehicle systems typically include:

• AGV vehicles – designed for pallets, carts, or containers
• Guidance infrastructure – magnetic tape, QR codes, or wire guidance
• Charging stations – automatic or opportunity charging
• Traffic control system – managing routes, priorities, and vehicle coordination
• Safety sensors – obstacle detection and emergency stop systems

Optional features and enhancements include:

• Integration with WMS, WCS, or ERP systems
• Automatic load handling (rollers, conveyors, lifts)
• Fleet management dashboards
• Visual and audible warning systems